What does IHO stand for in the context of special education hearings?

In the context of special education hearings, IHO stands for Independent Hearing Officer. This term refers to a neutral individual appointed to oversee and conduct due process hearings when disputes arise between parents and schools regarding a child's special education services. The purpose of an Independent Hearing Officer is to ensure that the hearing is fair and objective, allowing both parties to present their cases regarding the individual's educational needs under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The officer's role includes making decisions based on the evidence and applicable laws, thereby providing a resolution to the dispute.

The other terms listed do not accurately reflect the established terminology used in special education law. An Independent Hearing Officer is specifically trained to handle such cases impartially, distinguishing this role from others that may imply a different function or level of neutrality.