The IHO is a _______ on the record.

The Individual Hearing Officer (IHO) conducts what is termed a full administrative hearing, which is a formal process that allows for the presentation of evidence and witness testimony regarding disputes related to special education services. This is a critical component of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), as it provides a structured setting where parents and school districts can present their cases concerning the provision of free and appropriate public education (FAPE) for students with disabilities.

In this context, the phrase "on the record" signifies that everything discussed and decided during the administrative hearing is officially documented and can be referenced in future proceedings or appeals. This formal documentation is key, as it ensures transparency and accountability in the decision-making process.

Other options, such as legal consultations or court decisions, do not fit the specific framework established by IDEA for addressing disputes through an IHO. While ad-hoc meetings may occur, they lack the formal structure and legal standing of a full administrative hearing, which is essential for addressing special education disputes in a manner recognized by law.